（写在前面：我不知道那些右派混蛋们是如何胡扯出外国左派亲共的，事实上外国左派们除了极少数毛派和实在不了解中国的之外，其他大部分人都对中国是批判态度，而这就是其中一篇文章）
From the March-April 2018 issue of News & Letters
来自2018年三月-4月新闻和信件的议题
Donald Trump as a presidential candidate promised to get tough on China almost as often as he slurred Mexican immigrants as rapists. Yet in office his general indifference on foreign policy—except where he has ceded positions to the interests of Vladimir Putin and Russia—has created a power vacuum into which Xi Jinping has eagerly thrust China.
唐纳德.川普作为一个总统候选人时承诺对中国狠一些，这就像他将墨西哥移民贬低为强奸犯一样频繁。然而在办公室他并不关心外交政策——除了他已经放弃了对普京和俄国的利益所摆出的姿态——这制造了一剂习近平渴望插入中国的强心针。（备注：这篇文章发表的时候，贸易战还没开始，不过我认为贸易战不过是川普和习特勒之间相互演戏而已，川普鼓吹的孤立政策，就像作者说的一样，是对习近平有利的。）
China in Red, the members of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank in orange. The 6 proposed corridors ( https://www.merics.org/en/merics-analysis/infographicchina-mapping/china-mapping/ and http://www.cbbc.org/cbbc/media/cbbc_media/One-Belt-One-Road-main-body.pdf ) in black.
红色的是中国，橙色的是亚洲基础建设投资银行的成员。6条走廊是黑色的。
Xi has parlayed the anti-corruption campaign within the Communist Party of China and the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) across Eurasia and East Africa, introduced soon after he gained power in 2012, into consolidating control of the machinery of power within China and projecting influence internationally. The anti-corruption campaign might appeal as a populist response to people’s disgust at conspicuous corruption among Party officials, but it has led to high functionaries in rival factions overcrowding elite prisons, and others fearful of joining them.
习在中国共产党内进行了一场名为反腐败运动的豪赌，以及开始横跨欧亚大陆和东非的一带一路（BRI），这些从他在2012年取得政权之后就迅速开始了，为了巩固对中国内部的政权机器的控制和扩张国际影响。反腐败运动也许表现的像是对人民对党官僚的显著的腐败的厌恶的民粹主义的回应，但是它指向了敌对派别的职能部门，精英和其他因为害怕而加入他们的人塞满了监狱。
‘ANTI-CORRUPTION’ HIDES WITCH HUNTS
“反腐败”隐藏了的猎巫行动
The anti-corruption campaign, which Xi says will continue forever, will now be coupled with a new campaign to root out hidden enemies in the Party. Tracking down potential enemies online and in daily life has expanded with the aid of cutting-edge electronic surveillance, first employed against Uyghur resistance in Xinjiang, and with a projected national supervisory commission to centralize it.
反腐败运动，习说会永远持续，将会与新的找出党内隐藏的敌人的行动挂钩。在线和在日常生活中在扩展的前沿电子监控技术的帮助下追踪潜在的敌人，最先用于镇压新疆的维吾尔人的反抗，拥有一个成为项目的国家级别的中央化的监督委员会。
The result was that Xi was re-elected Party General Secretary in October 2017 without open opposition, and with no obvious successor. Instead, Xi Jinping Thought, the wisdom of this one-term leader, was added to the Constitution, the first “Thought” there since Mao Zedong’s.
结果是习在2017年十月在没有公开反对的情况下再次当选为党总书记，同时也没有明显的胜利者。相反的是，习近平思想，这一届领导的智慧，被加入宪法，这是自从毛泽东思想之后被加入宪法的第一种“思想”。
It thus came as no surprise to find that the National People’s Congress is expected to abolish the ten-year two-term limit and permit Xi to rule in perpetuity. He was able to clear away constitutional obstacles to maintaining power more quickly than another petty functionary who rose to the top, Russia’s President Vladimir Putin, who for a while had to rule Russia through straw man Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev.
因此并不奇怪全国人民代表大会被期待废除十年两届任期限制，以及允许习永远统治。他能够清除宪法障碍以维持权力，这比另一个实际处于顶层的俄国总统普京的行动更快，普京在一段时间内不得不通过傀儡梅德维杰夫进行统治。
CHINA AS THE WORLD’S CREDITOR
中国成为了世界的债主
Outside of China, Xi is armed with the capital extracted from Chinese workers during 25 years of primitive accumulation of capital, plus the excess industrial capacity that the Great Recession created. From the world’s sweatshop China has become the world’s creditor, wielding the capital to expand BRI, financing highways, railroads, port facilities and airports across Asia and beyond.
在中国之外，习用从中国工人在25年内被压榨出的原始积累的资本武装自己，加上大衰退创造的过剩的工业产能。中国从世界的血汗工厂变成了世界的债主，用这些资本去扩张一带一路，在亚洲和其他地区投资高速公路，铁路，码头设施和机场。
While Trump’s “America First” U.S. only offers cents on the dollar to the states for their highway and bridge projects, China is nearly the only source of capital for neighboring nations. They have eagerly signed on, even for projects that China related to old territorial claims of the Chinese Empire or trade routes leading back to it, laying bare Xi’s expectations for what he calls a “community of shared future.”
在川普的“美国优先”下美国只在国家的高速和桥梁项目上投资很少的钱时，中国几乎成为了邻国唯一的资本来源。他们很热切的加入，甚至接受那些在中国宣称是中华帝国的相关的旧领域中进行的项目或领导回到旧的贸易路线的项目，赤裸裸的暴露出习对他声称的“共享未来的社区”的期待。
But China’s largesse is less like the post-war Marshall Plan for rebuilding Europe under U.S. direction and more like the World Bank’s, whose loans trap Third World countries in thrall under mountains of debt and demand race-to-the-bottom gutting of wages and working conditions in exchange.
但是中国的慷慨并不像战后的马歇尔计划那样为了在美国的领导下重建欧洲，而更像世界银行的计划，这一计划的债务将第三世界国家拉入了山一样多的债务的陷阱中，更造成了在工资和工作条件上的比烂。
In the Maldives, an island chain in the Indian Ocean, airport, road and bridge projects built by China are expected to raise the nation’s external debt to more than half its annual Gross Domestic Product in just three years. China has already taken over 16 islands in lieu of the Maldives’ defaulting on debt. A state-owned Chinese company got a 40-year lease on the port of Gwadar in Pakistan for the same reason, and Sri Lanka granted China a 99-year lease on the port of Hambantota, again to avoid debt default.
在马尔代夫，一个印度洋上的岛链，中国制造的机场，道路和桥梁工程将这个国家的外债提升到了国民生产总值（GDP）的近一半。中国已经拿走16个马尔代夫的岛屿作为抵押。出于相同的原因，一家中国政府拥有的公司得到了巴基斯坦的Gwadar码头的四十年使用权，同时斯里兰卡也为了还债将Hambantota的码头的99年使用权租给中国。
Only practiced ideologues could tell us how that lease differs from the 99-year lease that the British extorted for mainland Hong Kong from the weakened Chinese Empire. The expiring lease led to the UK returning Hong Kong to China’s control in 1997, but under the One Country Two Systems policy, that left Hong Kong with some degree of autonomy until 2047. In the last year, Xi’s consolidation of power has led to a steeper undermining of that special status. Activists in the 2014 Occupy Central movement, already punished, have faced even harsher jail time. Established opposition political parties have been ruled off the ballot.
只有有经验的空想家们能告诉我们这些租约和英国从虚弱的中华帝国手中获得香港的99年使用权的租约的不同之处。租约的过期导致英国在1997年将香港的控制权还给中国，但在一国两制政策下，香港保有一定程度的自治直到2047。在去年，习对权力的巩固导致了对这一特殊状态的严重的破坏。2014年占领中环运动中的活动者们，早就被惩罚了，但他们现在面临着更长的监禁时间。已经建立的反对派政党被剥夺了表决权。
THE THREAT OF XI JINPING’S ‘THOUGHT’
习近平“思想”的威胁
Foreign adventures, including island building in the South China Sea to assert China’s claims over its neighbors, are aimed at domestic control. Mao Zedong admitted in the 1956 Constitution that China was state-capitalist. That has remained true in the succeeding 60 years, even as contorted “Marxist” rhetoric has changed.
外国冒险家们，包括那些在南中国海建立岛屿以为中国的压倒它的邻居的宣告辩护的，目标是进行内部控制。毛泽东在1956年宪法中承认了中国是国家资本主义。在共产党成功之后的60年内，这一直是事实，即使那些被扭曲的“马克思主义”修辞改变了。
The official line is that China is “currently in the primary stage of socialism” and would remain there for over a century, promising only a “moderate” raising of living standards. “Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era” in practice is not a promise but a threat to China’s workers, who had reason to strike thousands of times since Xi took command. The other side of keeping workers down at home is acting aggressively on the world stage.
官方声称中国“正处在社会主义初级阶段”，这会持续一个世纪，只承诺了“中等的”生活水平的提升。“习近平思想将中国特色社会主义带入了新时代”对中国工人们来说，实际上不是一个承诺，而是一种威胁，他们在习夺得指挥权之后有理由反抗上千次。另一方面，为了在世界舞台上表现出侵略性，中国共产党也需要将工人们镇压在家中。